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Table 1 Comparison of two approaches of EEDR (IEEE 14-bus)

From: Power system voltage instability risk mitigation via emergency demand response-based whale optimization algorithm

Method

Location

Amount (%)

Total amount

Total cost [$/hr]

Multistage method [40]

14

9

10

30

30

10

14.22 MW,

7.06 MVAr

822.0

WOA algorithm

4

5

7

14

9

11

0

0

6

9

14.6817 MW,

2.3305 MVAr

265.2326