Table 2 Parameters of all optimization algorithms

GWO [25]

Linearly decreased coefficient a

2 − 1*(2/k_max)

Coefficient vector A

2*a*rand(0,1) − a

Coefficient vector C

2*rand(0,1)

WOA [26]

Log-helix shape constant b

1

Coefficient vector A

2*a*rand(0,1) − a

Coefficient vector C

2*rand(0,1)

MFO [27]

Log-helix shape constant b

1

ABC [28]

Maximum number of honey source for single preservation n

1

Honey source search range expansion coefficient a

1

PSO [19]

Cognitive constant c₁

0.5

Social constant c₂

0.7

Inertia weight ∞

0.96–k/k_max

GA [18]

Probability of crossover P_c

0.8

Probability of mutation P_m

0.05

BOA [20]

Probability switch p

0.6

Initial sensory modality c₀

0.01

Initial power exponent ɑ₀

0.1