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Table 7 Simulation results obtained after adding SNR to the external faults

From: Single-ended protection method for hybrid HVDC transmission line based on transient voltage characteristic frequency band

Fault type

Fault resistance (Ω)

SNR

10 dB

20 dB

30 dB

40 dB

External fault (0 km)

0.01

1.546 × 105

1.546 × 105

1.547 × 105

1.546 × 105

100

3.700 × 104

3.693 × 104

3.688 × 104

3.690 × 104

300

9.865 × 103

9.826 × 103

9.794 × 103

9.806 × 103

500

4.502 × 103

4.498 × 103

4.493 × 103

4.496 × 103

ABC phase fault

0.01

3.733 × 103

3.628 × 103

3.644 × 103

3.644 × 103

100

1.352 × 102

1.613 × 102

1.591 × 102

1.569 × 102

300

4.082 × 101

3.501 × 101

3.140 × 101

3.203 × 101

500

2.316 × 101

1.533 × 101

1.476 × 101

1.499 × 101