Cascade controller based modeling of a four area thermal: gas AGC system with dependency of wind turbine generator and PEVs under restructured environment

Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems

Table 3 Optimum parameters of PIDD-PI controller during contract violation of 2% from nominal 2%

	K_P1*	K_I1*	K_DD1*	N₁*	K_P2*	K_I2*
wEV	0.940	0.260	0.307	32.66	0.800	0.447
woEV	0.765	0.323	0.427	40.07	0.666	0.497

	K_DD2*	N₂*	K_P3*	K_I3*	K_DD3*	N₃*
wEV	0.562	52.83	0.888	0.283	0.283	36.02
woEV	0.623	59.14	0.739	0.452	0.290	37.38

	K_P4*	K_I4*	K_DD4*	N₄*	K_PP1*	K_II1*
wEV	0.535	0.612	0.452	48.19	0.544	0.617
woEV	0.349	44.32	0.538	0.552	0.523	0.534

	K_PP2*	K_II2*	K_PP3*	K_II3*	K_PP4*	K_II4*
wEV	0.490	0.550	0.460	0.245	0.740	0.584
woEV	0.523	0.534	0.409	0.267	0.652	0.427

* represents optimum values for the PIDD - PI controller using Harris Hawk Algorithm