Table 7 Comparison of fitness values and WRST results of the three-area system with SLD of 2% in each area using Different Optimization Techniques (Values in bold shows best value)
ISCA | SCA | ALO | SSA | PSO | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean ± Std. Dev of Fitness Value | 0.01433026 ± 0.002703 | 0.016443 ± 0.003433374 | 0.027976 ± 0.006409 | 0.021504 ± 0.00409 | 0.066433 ± 0.011953 |
Wilcoxon signed-rank test | – | – | – | – |