Table 6 Performance parameters of LFC with ISCA, SSA, ALO, SCA and PSO in the case of SLD of 2% in each area
Algorithm | \(\Delta F_{1}\) | \(\Delta F_{2}\) | \(\Delta F_{3}\) | \(\Delta P_{1 - 2}\) | \(\Delta P_{2 - 3}\) | \(\Delta P_{3 - 1}\) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ISCA | ||||||
Settling time | 10.7728 | 12.9398 | 13.0042 | 7.253 | 6.2267 | 10.965 |
Maximum deviation | − 0.00606 | − 0.005649 | − 0.00630 | − 5.744 × 10−5 | − 1.9 × 10−5 | − 1.972 × 10−5 |
SCA | ||||||
Settling time | 12.539 | 12.6376 | 14.288 | 16.717 | 13.6541 | 21.91 |
Maximum deviation | − 0.006370 | − 0.01117 | − 0.00630 | − 14.2 × 10−5 | − 44.19 × 10−5 | − 10.95 × 10−5 |
ALO | ||||||
Settling time | 19.1768 | 16.2105 | 15.315 | 17.4759 | 17.58 | 22.56 |
Maximum deviation | − 0.007476 | − 0.009389 | − 0.002249 | − 18.9 × 10−5 | − 113.35 × 10−5 | − 56.62 × 10−5 |
SSA | ||||||
Settling time | 15.2973 | 19.9389 | 19.6692 | 18.9614 | 16.5634 | 25.91 |
Maximum deviation | − 0.009796 | − 0.008697 | − 0.008903 | 49.62 × 10−5 | − 73.22 × 10−5 | − 44.47 × 10−5 |
PSO | ||||||
Settling time | 19.3201 | 19.8754 | 15.6837 | 20 | 20 | 29.759 |
Maximum deviation | − 0.013279 | − 0.01183 | − 0.01385 | 46.81 × 10−5 | − 170.89 × 10−5 | − 57.945 × 10−5 |