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Table 4 Result analysis for optimal allocation of DGs at upf

From: Optimal integration of DGs into radial distribution network in the presence of plug-in electric vehicles to minimize daily active power losses and to improve the voltage profile of the system using bio-inspired optimization algorithms

Parameters

BO

PSO

DG (upf) size (kW)/Bus number

309 (10)

200 (12)

493 (16)

500 (16)

699 (31)

776 (31)

Daily active Power Loss in kw

1563

1590

% Daily active power loss reduction

58.39

57.66

Voltage deviation Index In p.u

0.8063

0.8091

Lowest voltage of the system in p.u

0.9353 (18th bus, 23rd hour)

0.933 (18th bus, 23rd hour)

OF

0.4139

0.4193

PLRI

0.4161

0.4233

VDIRI

0.4087

0.4098

Time in sec

305.9

376.56