Table 5 Comparative study of various controllers for scenario 2
Methods | Performance indices | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Area 1 | Area 2 | Tie-line power deviation | |||||||
PUS (Hz) | POS (Hz) | Ts (s) | PUS (Hz) | POS (Hz) | Ts(s) | PUS (puMW) | POS (puMW) | Ts(s) | |
TLBO-PID | −0.3 | 0.15 | 40 | − 0.31 | 0.17 | 42 | −0.015 | 0.025 | 55 |
FO-TLBO-PID | −0.21 | 0.08 | 36 | −0.22 | 0.09 | 38 | −0.012 | 0.016 | 49 |
Fuzzy-PID | −0.11 | 0.03 | 21 | −0.11 | 0.035 | 23 | −0.005 | 0.011 | 36 |
FO-Fuzzy-PID | −0.061 | 0.01 | 15 | −0.057 | 0.012 | 17 | −0.002 | 0.004 | 20 |
Adaptive FO-Fuzzy-PID | −0.013 | – | 8 | 0.015 | – | 10 | – | 0.002 | 12 |