Table 8 SMES data [19] SMES control loop parameters are; L = 3H, Tc = 0.03, Ido = 20KA, Kf = 0.001
Nomenclature | |||
|---|---|---|---|
∆f | The frequency deviation of the EPS (Hz) | \( {\mathrm{x}}_{\mathrm{id}}^{\mathrm{n}} \) | The current position of particle i at iteration n |
D | System damping coefficient of the EPS (pu MW/Hz) | \( {\mathrm{v}}_{\mathrm{id}}^{\mathrm{n}} \) | The velocity of particle i at iteration n |
H | Equivalent inertia constant (pu sec) | c1, c2 | Acceleration constant |
T1 | Valve time constant of the non-reheat plant (sec) | n | Number of iterations |
T2 | Steam valve time constant of reheat plant (sec) | \( {\mathrm{P}}_{\mathrm{id}}^{\mathrm{n}} \) | pbest of particle i at iteration n |
T3 | Water valve time constant hydro plant (sec) | \( {\mathrm{P}}_{\mathrm{gd}}^{\mathrm{n}} \) | gbest of particle i at iteration n |
Td | Dashpot time constant of hydro plant speed governor (sec) | ρ | Air density (Kg/m3) |
Th | The time constant of reheat thermal plant (sec) | A T | The rotor swept area (m2) |
Tw | Water starting time in hydro intake (sec) | V W | The rated wind speed (m/s) |
∆PL | Load variation (MW pu) | C P | The power coefficient of the rotor blades |
m | The fraction of turbine power (intermediate pressure section) | P W | The output power of the wind turbine (W) |
R1 | Governor speed regulation non-reheat plant (Hz/pu MW) | β | The pitch angle |
R2 | Governor speed regulation reheat plant (Hz/pu MW) | r T | The rotor radius |
R3 | Governor speed regulation hydro plant (Hz/pu MW) | λ | The tip-speed ratio (TSR) |
Pn1 | Nominal rated Power output for the non-reheat plant (MW pu) | Ed | The dc voltage applied to the inductor (KV) |
Pn2 | Nominal rated Power output for reheat plant (MW pu) | Vdo | The maximum bridge circuit voltage (KV) |
Pn3 | Nominal rated Power output for the hydro plant (MW pu) | α | The firing angle (degree) |
∆Pc1 | Regulating the system frequency of non-reheat plant (Hz) | Id | The current through the inductor (KA) |
∆Pc2 | Regulating the system frequency of reheat plant (Hz) | Rc | The equivalent commutation resistance (KΩ) |
∆Pc3 | Regulating the system frequency of hydro plant (Hz) | Kf | The feedback gain of the inductor current deviation |
TWT | Wind turbine time constant (sec) | Tc | The converter time delay |
TPV | Solar system time constant (sec) | L | The coil inductance (H) |
w | Inertia weight factor | ∆PSMES | The active power deviation of SMES unit |
rand () | A random number between 0 and 1 | ||