From: Maximum power point tracking of PV system under partial shading conditions through flower pollination algorithm
Parameter
P&O
PSO
FP
Initial duty cycle
40%
25%, 45%, 70%
Random duty cycle between 20% and 80%
m
–
3
C 1max
1.4
C1min
1
C 2max
1.8
C 2min
W max
W min
0.1
△d
1%