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Table 4 TMS and \(t_{op}\) of relay nearest to fault and the back-up relay (after splitting) in the IEEE 14-bus system

From: Adaptive relay co-ordination using a busbar splitting approach for a system integrity protection scheme

Faulty bus

Relay nearest to fault

\(t_{op}\) of nearest relay (s)

Back-up of nearest relay

\(t_{op}\) of backup relay (s)

11

R1

0.4169

R3

0.7169

R14

0

–

–