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Table 2 Comparison of proposed SGWO with other techniques for multimodal benchmark test functions

From: Application of a simplified Grey Wolf optimization technique for adaptive fuzzy PID controller design for frequency regulation of a distributed power generation system

F

SCA

PSO

GSA

GWO

SGWO

Avg.

Std. Dev

Avg.

Std. Dev

Avg.

Std. Dev

Avg.

Std. Dev

Avg.

Std. Dev

f8

-3.7209E3

0.2587E3

− 4841.29

1152.814

− 2821.07

493.0375

− 6123.1

− 4087.44

−5.6287E3

0.9503E3

f9

45.6190

31.4763

46.70423

11.62938

25.96841

7.470068

0.310521

47.35612

0.6186

1.8970

f10

15.1791

8.4852

0.276015

0.50901

0.062087

0.23628

1.06E-13

0.07783E-13

3.322E-14

5.93E-15

f11

0.9576

0.6136

0.009215

0.007724

27.70154

5.040343

0.004485

0.006659

0.0025

0.007

f12

0.6073E5

3.0109E5

0.006917

0.026301

1.799617

0.95114

0.053438

0.020734

0.0604

0.0329

f13

1.001E5

3.1194E5

0.006675

0.008907

8.899084

7.126241

−6123.1

−4087.44

0.7567

0.2869