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Table 3 Simulation results on the IEEE 14 bus system using different algorithms without DG injection

From: Impact of the penetration of distributed generation on optimal reactive power dispatch

Control Variables (p.u.)

PSO

R-PSO

L-PSO

PSO-CFA

IPSO-SR

FOA

MFOA

JAYA

VG1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

VG2

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.0863

1.1

1.1

1.0859

VG3

1.0701

1.0696

1.0703

1.0702

1.0578

1.1

1.1

1.0568

VG6

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.0605

1.0575

0.9

1.1

1.1

VG8

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.0726

0.95

1.1

1.1

T4–7

0.9285

0.9551

1.1

1.1

0.9685

1.1

1.1

0.9492

T4–9

1.1

1.1

0.9

0.9

1.1

0.935

1.1

1.0766

T5–6

1.1

1.0179

1.0047

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.0031

Qsc9

0.2332

0.3

0.2643

0.015

0.2134

0.000328

0.0443

0.3

Qsc14

0.0555

0.0604

0.0

0.0641

0.0634

0.000296

0.0443

0.0594

Total Ploss (MW)

12.4268

12.3585

12.4041

12.416

12.2957

12.5992

12.7531

12.2270

DE [32]

ABC [32]

ACOR [32]

TLA [32]

DE [32]

MTLA [32]

MTLA-DDE [32]

LCA [32]

CSS [32]

13.1053

12.9333

13.1226

12.9229

13.1053

12.9106

12.8978

12.9891

12.9748

BRCFF [32]

BB–BC [32]

PBIL [32]

DDE [32]

TLBO [33]

BBPSO [33]

BBDE [33]

GBTLBO [33]

MGBTLBO [33]

12.9264

13.0039

13.0008

12.9286

12.9878

12.9919

12.9973

12.4152

12.3105

PSO [17]

PSO-TVAC [17]

WOA [17]

MDE [18]

SARGA [18]

RTS [18]

EP [18]

BSO 1 [18]

BSO 2 [18]

12.381

12.279

12.255

13.0532

13.21643

13.236

13.3462

12.4633

12.4672

BSO 3 [18]

BSO 4 [18]

BSO 4 [18]

      

12.4651

12.4588

12.4699

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