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Table 3 Mean and the variance of state variables estimated corresponding to a measurement noise variance of 0.01

From: Optimal load frequency control through combined state and control gain estimation for noisy measurements

K

State variable

Mean

Variance

[3.0007, 0.9998, −80.0015]

ΔPv

0.0635

3.8767 × 10− 4

ΔPm

0.0636

3.9950 × 10− 4

Δf

− 0.0040

1.5726 × 10− 6

K1

3.0004

1.1718 × 10− 7

K2

0.9999

5.4111 × 10− 9

K3

− 80.0002

5.2235 × 10− 7

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