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Table 1 Comparison of discrete impedance points of fault in the network (Case 1) without & with FPIs

From: Augmentation of situational awareness by fault passage indicators in distribution network incorporating network reconfiguration

Actual fault impedance (Ω)

Discrete impedance point of fault detected by the system without FPI

Discrete impedance point of fault detected by the system with FPI

10

1

1

20

2

2

30

3, 5

5 (if sensed by F1)

3 (if sensed by F2)

40

4, 6, 8, 10

4 (if sensed by F2)

6, 10 (if sensed by F1)

8 (if sensed by F3)

50

7, 9, 11

7, 11 (if sensed by F1)

9 (if sensed by F3)

60

12

12