From: A review of single phase adaptive auto-reclosing schemes for EHV transmission lines
Method | Transmission system | Reclosing time | Inputs | Remarks | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Synchrophasor | Uncompensated | – | Healthy phase phasor data | It is not easy to obtain data from healthy phases due to the communication channel issues | [51] |
Numerical algorithm | Uncompensated | 20 ms | Faulted phase voltage and current | A little faster but needs a lot of computations for IED’s and DFT | [54] |
Analytical approach | Shunt compensated | 70–160 ms | Voltage phasor of healthy phases | Phasor calculation is cumbersome in case of permanent fault | [11] |
PMU | Shunt compensated | 131 ms | Voltage and current phasor of faulted phase | Little bit slower than other techniques | [14] |
PMU | Uncompensated | 20 ms | Positive sequence voltage and current phasor | GPS for communication is not a good choice as it is a power hungry device | [57] |
Differential approach | Uncompensated | 75 ms | Zero sequence instantaneous power | PLC communication is used which is good but DFT can only give frequency information | [13] |
Numerical algorithm | Uncompensated | – | Faulted phase voltage and current | Communication between IED’s is not easy, they can only react to the predefined situations | [58] |
ADALINE NN | Uncompensated | – | Faulted phase voltages & THD | No time localization of fault, abrupt errors can produce higher harmonics | [59] |
Gabor transform & ANN | Uncompensated | – | Faulted phase current signal | An effective signal transformation with both time and frequency localization |