Sl. No. | Fault Type | Fault Resistance (in Ω) | Fault Distance Ratio (0–1) [×100 in %] | Faulted Distribution Line | Total line Distance (in km) | Actual Fault Distance (km) | DG status | Conventional DFT Technique | Proposed TFR technique | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Estimate (km) | Percentage Error (in %) | Estimate (km) | Percentage Error (in %) | ||||||||
1 | a-g | 1 | 0.1 | LAB | 20 | 2 | DG 1 2 3 4 on | 2.1541 | 0.7768 | 2.0984 | 0.4912 |
2 | 0.2 | LAB | 20 | 4 | 4.2222 | 1.1121 | 4.1536 | 0.7726 | |||
3 | 0.3 | LAB | 20 | 6 | 6.3076 | 1.5457 | 6.2266 | 1.1372 | |||
4 | 0.4 | LAB | 20 | 8 | 8.4156 | 2.0833 | 8.3233 | 1.6240 | |||
5 | 0.5 | LAB | 20 | 10 | 10.5556 | 2.7839 | 10.4533 | 2.2747 | |||
6 | 0.6 | LAB | 20 | 12 | 12.7426 | 3.7161 | 12.6322 | 3.1629 | |||
7 | 0.7 | LAB | 20 | 14 | 15.0035 | 5.0289 | 14.8872 | 4.4484 | |||
8 | 0.8 | LAB | 20 | 16 | 17.3870 | 6.9461 | 17.2666 | 6.3363 | |||
9 | 0.9 | LAB | 20 | 18 | 19.9789 | 9.8962 | 19.8504 | 9.2559 | |||
10 | 0.1 | LAB | 20 | 2 | DG 1 2 3 on DG 4 off | 2.0704 | 0.3519 | 2.0154 | 0.0771 | ||
11 | 0.2 | LAB | 20 | 4 | 4.0932 | 0.4661 | 4.0235 | 0.1175 | |||
12 | 0.3 | LAB | 20 | 6 | 6.1206 | 0.6030 | 6.0359 | 0.1795 | |||
13 | 0.4 | LAB | 20 | 8 | 8.1555 | 0.7777 | 8.0563 | 0.2813 | |||
14 | 0.5 | LAB | 20 | 10 | 10.2029 | 1.0146 | 10.0896 | 0.4479 | |||
15 | 0.6 | LAB | 20 | 12 | 12.2711 | 1.3557 | 12.1445 | 0.7223 | |||
16 | 0.7 | LAB | 20 | 14 | 14.3753 | 1.8764 | 14.2358 | 1.1792 | |||
17 | 0.8 | LAB | 20 | 16 | 16.5453 | 2.7266 | 16.3933 | 1.9666 | |||
18 | 0.9 | LAB | 20 | 18 | 18.8441 | 4.2204 | 18.6763 | 3.3816 | |||
19 | 0.1 | LAB | 20 | 2 | DG 1 2 on DG 3 4 off | 2.0546 | 0.2732 | 2.0218 | 0.1091 | ||
20 | 0.2 | LAB | 20 | 4 | 4.0754 | 0.3769 | 4.0360 | 0.1800 | |||
21 | 0.3 | LAB | 20 | 6 | 6.1019 | 0.5096 | 6.0565 | 0.2826 | |||
22 | 0.4 | LAB | 20 | 8 | 8.1353 | 0.6766 | 8.0842 | 0.4210 | |||
23 | 0.5 | LAB | 20 | 10 | 10.1775 | 0.8876 | 10.1775 | 0.8876 | |||
24 | 0.6 | LAB | 20 | 12 | 12.2326 | 1.1631 | 12.1705 | 0.8527 | |||
25 | 0.7 | LAB | 20 | 14 | 14.3069 | 1.5347 | 14.2395 | 1.1973 | |||
26 | 0.8 | LAB | 20 | 16 | 16.4116 | 2.0580 | 16.3388 | 1.6940 | |||
27 | 0.9 | LAB | 20 | 18 | 18.5654 | 2.8269 | 18.4883 | 2.4416 | |||
10 | 0.1 | LAB | 20 | 2 | DG 1 on DG 2 3 4 off | 1.9689 | 0.1557 | 1.9951 | 0.0244 | ||
11 | 0.2 | LAB | 20 | 4 | 3.9648 | 0.1759 | 3.9921 | 0.0396 | |||
12 | 0.3 | LAB | 20 | 6 | 5.9595 | 0.2026 | 5.9871 | 0.0645 | |||
13 | 0.4 | LAB | 20 | 8 | 7.9505 | 0.2476 | 7.9781 | 0.1094 | |||
14 | 0.5 | LAB | 20 | 10 | 9.9364 | 0.3179 | 9.9641 | 0.1793 | |||
15 | 0.6 | LAB | 20 | 12 | 11.9163 | 0.4184 | 11.9443 | 0.2787 | |||
16 | 0.7 | LAB | 20 | 14 | 13.8891 | 0.5544 | 13.9177 | 0.4116 | |||
17 | 0.8 | LAB | 20 | 16 | 15.8536 | 0.7321 | 15.8836 | 0.5820 | |||
18 | 0.9 | LAB | 20 | 18 | 17.8085 | 0.9573 | 17.8410 | 0.7948 | |||
19 | 0.1 | LAB | 20 | 2 | DG 1 2 3 4 off | 2.0448 | 0.2238 | 1.9892 | 0.0542 | ||
20 | 0.2 | LAB | 20 | 4 | 4.0488 | 0.2441 | 3.9784 | 0.1079 | |||
21 | 0.3 | LAB | 20 | 6 | 6.0534 | 0.2671 | 5.9677 | 0.1613 | |||
22 | 0.4 | LAB | 20 | 8 | 8.0586 | 0.2929 | 7.9574 | 0.2132 | |||
23 | 0.5 | LAB | 20 | 10 | 10.0643 | 0.3213 | 9.9473 | 0.2635 | |||
24 | 0.6 | LAB | 20 | 12 | 12.0706 | 0.3529 | 11.9375 | 0.3123 | |||
25 | 0.7 | LAB | 20 | 14 | 14.0775 | 0.3875 | 13.9282 | 0.3591 | |||
26 | 0.8 | LAB | 20 | 16 | 16.0852 | 0.4259 | 15.9191 | 0.4044 | |||
27 | 0.9 | LAB | 20 | 18 | 18.0937 | 0.4687 | 17.9105 | 0.4474 |