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Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems

Table 4 Results of case studies conducted in IEEE-14 bus system under various power system conditions

From: An adaptive supervised wide-area backup protection scheme for transmission lines protection

Power System Condition

Bus number where MPMU is installed

Connected branches with MPMU installed bus

Measurements of phasor currents from MPMU connected branch

Is fault detected?

((|IR2|& |IR3|) or (|IY2|& |IY3|) or (|IB2|& |IB3|)) > 0

(Y/N)

|IEHC|

Is other than fault detected?

(|IR1| or |IY1| or

|IB1|) > |Ir| (Y/N)

Parent bus,

Faulty branch between two buses

Relays to be supervised

Fault type classified

|IR1|, |IR2|, |IR3|

|IY1|, |IY2|, IY3|

|IB1|, |IB2|, |IB3|

Power Swing

Without fault

2

2-5

0.28, 0, 0

0.28, 0, 0

0.29, 0, 0

N

---

Y

---,

Branch

6-11

R6–11 & R11–6

---

4

4-5

0.27, 0, 0

0.28, 0, 0

0.25, 0, 0

6

6-11

1.7, 0, 0

1.69, 0, 0

1.68, 0, 0

6-13

0.57, 0, 0

0.57, 0, 0

0.57, 0, 0

6-5

0.6, 0, 0

0.6, 0, 0

0.6, 0, 0

8

8-7

0.52, 0, 0

0.51, 0, 0

0.54, 0, 0

13

13-14

0.58, 0, 0

0.58, 0, 0

0.58, 0, 0

13-12

0.284, 0, 0

0.284, 0, 0

0.284, 0, 0

With fault (L-L-L Fault with FR of 20Ω & FIA of 00 at 50 km in branch 6–11 from BUS-6)

2

2-5

0.395, 0.09, 0.05

0.375, 0.078, 0.017

0.233, 0.166, 0.142

Y

0.263

---

BUS-6,

Branch 6-11

R6–11 & R11–6

RYB

4

4-5

3.829, 0.623, 0.485

3.743, 0.056, 0.096

2.007, 0.1226, 0.563

0.984

6

6-5

3.432, 0.548, 0.44

3.264, 0.123, 0.17

2.598, 0.66, 0.598

1.154

6-11

4.82, 0.809, 0.641

4.579, 0.187, 0.216

3.559, 0.968, 0.824

1.662

8

8-7

0.282, 0.012, 0.009

0.268, 0.017, 0.027

0.267, 0.022, 0.036

0.055

9

9-10

3.829, 0.623, 0.485

3.743, 0.056, 0.096

2.92, 0.66, 0.563

1.178

11

11-6

4.755, 0.837, 0.61

4.78, 0.148, 0.224

3.555, 0.913, 0.617

1.535

13

13-6

4.823, 0.741, 0.584

4.614, 0.07, 0.039

3.713, 0.869, 0.792

1.51

Load Encroachment

Without fault

2

2-4

0.28, 0, 0

0.3, 0, 0

0.28, 0, 0

N

---

Y

---,

Branch 4-3

R4–3 & R3–4

---

4

4-3

2.38, 0, 0

2.4, 0, 0

2.38, 0, 0

5

5-4

0.646, 0, 0

0.646, 0, 0

0.643, 0, 0

6

6-5

0.59, 0, 0

0.58, 0, 0

0.58, 0, 0

8

8-7

0.35, 0, 0

0.35, 0, 0

0.35, 0, 0

9

9-4

1.43, 0, 0

1.43, 0, 0

1.44, 0, 0

11

11-10

0.585, 0, 0

0.585, 0, 0

0.581, 0, 0

13

13-14

0.298, 0, 0

0.29, 0, 0

0.29, 0, 0

With fault (L-L-L Fault with FR of 25 Ω & FIA of 200 at 20 km in branch 4–9 from BUS-4)

2

2-5

1.286, 0.091, 0.061

1.293, 0.204, 0.236

1.27, 0.213, 0.212

Y

0.446

---

BUS-4,

Branch 4-9

R9–4 & R4–9

RYB

4

4-9

4.391,1.945, 0.599

3.619, 1.947, 0.603

2.947, 1.589, 0.919

3.416

5

5-4

2.031, 0.417, 0.19

1.756, 0.449, 0.265

1.866, 0.514, 0.392

0.948

6

6-11

0.496, 0.094, 0.037

0.413, 0.126, 0.088

0.408, 0.095, 0.079

0.221

8

8-7

0.337, 0.013, 0.009

0.32, 0.037, 0.021

0.319, 0.036, 0.028

0.064

9

9-4

1.508, 0.842, 0.235

1.195, 0.784, 0.260

0.776, 1.048, 0.502

1.673

11

11-9

0.579, 0.083, 0.059

0.565, 0.093, 0.078

0.565, 0.131, 0.131

0.243

13

13-14

0.252, 0.085, 0.008

0.342, 0.099, 0.017

0.271, 0.121, 0.034

0.182

Unbalanced loading

2

2-5

0.281, 0, 0

0.285, 0, 0

0.284, 0, 0

N

---

Y

---,

Branch

6-5

R6–12 & R12–6

---

4

4-5

0.279, 0, 0

0.28, 0, 0

0.278, 0, 0

6

6-12

1.699, 0, 0

1.701, 0, 0

2.102, 0, 0

13

13-6

0.569, 0, 0

0.568, 0, 0

0.5686, 0, 0

5

5-1

0.584, 0, 0

0.583, 0, 0

0.585, 0, 0

8

8-7

0.35, 0, 0

0.376, 0, 0

0.424, 0, 0

9

9-10

1.433, 0, 0

1.542, 0, 0

1.7, 0, 0

11

11-6

0.283, 0, 0

0.284, 0, 0

0.285, 0, 0

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