From: Novel transient-energy-based directional pilot protection method for HVDC line
Location | RF (Ω) | Pole | Rectifier station | Inverter station | Result | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
S m | Dir | S n | Dir | ||||
F4 | 10 | + | 19.14 | −1 | −11.08 | 1 | External |
- | 1.61 | −1 | −3.16 | 1 | External | ||
200 | + | 1.66 | −1 | −0.88 | 0 | Normal | |
- | / | / | −0.14 | 0 | Normal | ||
300 | + | 0.83 | 0 | −0.26 | 0 | Normal | |
- | / | / | / | / | Normal | ||
F5 (AG) | 10 | + | −2.70 | 1 | 2.94 | −1 | External |
- | −2.74 | 1 | 3.02 | −1 | External | ||
300 | + | / | / | / | / | Normal | |
- | / | / | / | / | Normal | ||
F5 (BCG) | 10 | + | −11.92 | 1 | 12.10 | −1 | External |
- | −11.50 | 1 | 12.22 | −1 | External | ||
300 | + | / | / | / | / | Normal | |
- | / | / | / | / | Normal |