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Table 3 Polarization for zero- and negative-sequence

From: Transmission line protection challenges influenced by inverter-based resources: a review

Polarization

Operating

Variables

Comments

Zero-sequence current polarization (32I)

T = Re[3I0. IPOL*]

I0, IPOL

IPOL: Current polarization

Negative-sequence voltage polarization (32Q)

z2 = Re[V2 (I2 .1∟Z1ANG)*]/I22

I2, V2, Z1ANG

Z1ANG: impedance setting

Zero-sequence voltage polarization (32 V)

z0=Re[3V0 (3I0.1∟Z0MTA)]/(3I0)2

3I0, 3V0, Z0MTA

Z0MTA: maximum torque angle, setting