From: Transmission line protection challenges influenced by inverter-based resources: a review
Polarization | Operating | Polarizing | Details |
---|---|---|---|
Self-polarization | ZR.IXY − VXY | VXY | XY = AB, BC, CA ZR: impedance setting |
Cross-polarization without memory | ZR.IXY − VXY | − jVZ | XY = AB, BC, CA Z = C, A, B ZR: impedance setting |
Cross-polarization with memory | ZR.IXY − VXY | − jVZ_MEM | XY = AB, BC, CA Z = C, A, B ZR: impedance setting |
Positive-sequence memory polarized | ZR.IXY − VXY | − jVZ1_MEM | XY = AB, BC, CA Z = C, A, B ZR: impedance setting |
Self-polarization | ZR.(IX + kIR) − VXG | VXG | Z = A, B, C IR = IA + IB + IC k = (Z0 − Z1)/3Z1 |
Cross-polarization without memory | ZR.(IX + kIR) − VXG | jVYZ | X = A, B, C YZ = BC, CA, AB IR = IA + IB + IC k = (Z0 − Z1)/3Z1 |
Positive-sequence memory polarized | ZR.(IX + kIR)-VXG | VX1_MEM | X = A, B, C IR = IA + IB + IC ZR: impedance setting |