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Table 5 Test results of CEC 17 test functions

From: Small signal stability enhancement of a large scale power system using a bio-inspired whale optimization algorithm

S. nos.

Name of the function

Order of the function

WOA

DE

PSO

Fitness value

1

Bent Cigar function

f1(x)

4.0897 e−88

3.3893 e−04

1.9313 e−15

2

Sum of differential power function

f2(x)

99.515675945535875

99.5157

99.5157

3

Zakharov function

f3(x)

9.5876 e−80

4.1649 e−09

2.7229 e−06

4

Rosenbrocks function

f4(x)

1.1866 e−06

3.0034 e−03

1.6720 e−02

5

Rastrigins's function

f5(x)

1.3548 e−80

5.6960 e−05

0.001.2 e−03

6

Expanded Schaffers function

f6(x)

0.0097

0.0065

0.0532

7

Lunaeek bi-Rastrigin function

f7(x)

2.7252 e−07

0.0373

0.1205

8

Levy function

F8(x)

70.0737 e+00

70.3698e+00

78.0292e+00

9

Modified Schwefel's function

F9(x)

4.1183e+06

4.1479e+06

4.1482e+06

10

High conditioned elliptic function

f10(x)

3.5101 e−80

3.5632 e−04

1.6684 e−80

11

Discuss function

F11(x)

1.7573 e−73

8.6146 e−13

3.1554 e−22

12

Ackley's function

F12(x)

1.6556e+002

1.6587e+002

8.5076e+00

13

Weierstrass function

F13(x)

9.441375732713 e−03

9.441375732812 e−03

9.441375733129 e−03

14

Griewanks function

F14(x)

5.6654 e−08

0.3131 e−04

1.0852 e−07

15

Katsuura function

f15(x)

1.7937 e−10

4.4305 e−10

1.7377e−10

16

HappyCat function

f16(x)

1.7126 e−04

0.9555

1.6875 e−08

17

HGBat function

f17(x)

2.7428 e−06

2.5256 e−03

8.2076 e−04

18

Expanded Griewanks plus Rosenbrocks function

f18(x)

63.6412

4.5131

7.9816

19

Schffer's function

F19(x)

0.1606

0.0090

0.4613