Table 4 Performance of the distance relay RA without PAZSD methodology for different faults with FR = 0.2 Ω at different distances
Fault Condition | Impedance seen by the relay RA | Performance of RA without proposed methodology | |
|---|---|---|---|
Zone of fault detection is? | Is detected zone correct? (Y/N) | ||
LG Fault at 50 km | 3.9612 ∠ 65.2140 | Zone 1 | Y |
LL Fault at 50 km | 3.933 ∠ 60.950 | Zone 1 | Y |
LLG Fault at 150 km | 11.765 ∠ 58.050 | Zone 1 | Y |
LLL Fault at 150 km | 11.566 ∠ 61.690 | Zone 1 | Y |
LG Fault at 250 km | 31.934 ∠ 84.010 | Zone 2 | N |
LL Fault at 250 km | 32.092 ∠ 84.440 | Zone 2 | N |
LLG Fault at 250 km | 35.082 ∠ − 273.070 | Zone 2 | N |
LLL Fault at 250 km | 34.394 ∠ 84.890 | Zone 2 | N |
LLG Fault at 300 km | 48.136 ∠ 80.370 | No Zone is detected | N |
LG Fault at 350 km | 75.180 ∠ 83.110 | No Zone is detected | N |
LL Fault at 350 km | 82.706 ∠ 83.210 | No Zone is detected | N |
LLL Fault at 350 km | 76.616 ∠ 79.090 | No Zone is detected | N |