Table 1 Performance of conventional (CON) and modified (MOD) distance relay with the presence of SSSC and SCC

With SSSC

A–G Fault

V _Ref  = 0.1 p.u

149 Ω

0.039 Ω

147 Ω

0.033 Ω

144 Ω

0.037 Ω

140 Ω

0.125 Ω

Calculated by (16)

V _Ref  = 0.3 p.u

116 Ω

0.046 Ω

115 Ω

0.022 Ω

114 Ω

0.020 Ω

112 Ω

0.005 Ω

V _Ref  = - 0.1 p.u

183 Ω

0.032 Ω

180 Ω

0.038 Ω

176 Ω

0.043 Ω

170 Ω

0.040 Ω

V _Ref  = - 0.3 p.u

112 Ω

0.023 Ω

107 Ω

0.016 Ω

100 Ω

0.134 Ω

91.8 Ω

0.024 Ω

A–B Fault

V _Ref  = 0.1 p.u

3.53 Ω

0.012 Ω

4.3 Ω

0.004 Ω

5.46 Ω

0.003 Ω

6.69 Ω

0.004 Ω

V _Ref  = 0.3 p.u

15.2 Ω

0.026 Ω

17.8 Ω

0.038 Ω

21.2 Ω

0.018 Ω

24.7 Ω

0.039 Ω

V _Ref  = - 0.1 p.u

2.30 Ω

0.018 Ω

2.5 Ω

0.002 Ω

3.67 Ω

0.213 Ω

4.18 Ω

0.114 Ω

V _Ref  = - 0.3 p.u

11.7 Ω

0.018 Ω

13.3 Ω

0.034 Ω

16.1 Ω

0.007 Ω

19.1 Ω

0.101 Ω

With SCC

A–G Fault

20% Compensation

7.25 Ω

0.004 Ω

7.24 Ω

0.010 Ω

7.28 Ω

0.027 Ω

7.48 Ω

0.040 Ω

50% Compensation

18.3 Ω

0.009 Ω

18.3 Ω

0.013 Ω

18.5 Ω

0.026 Ω

18.9 Ω

0.038 Ω

70% Compensation

25.5 Ω

0.012 Ω

25.9 Ω

0.020 Ω

26.3 Ω

0.032 Ω

26.8 Ω

0.052 Ω

A–B Fault

20% Compensation

11.4 Ω

0.021 Ω

11.5 Ω

0.027 Ω

11.4 Ω

0.048 Ω

11.5 Ω

0.080 Ω

50% Compensation

28.7 Ω

0.043 Ω

28.6 Ω

0.017 Ω

28.6 Ω

0.066 Ω

28.7 Ω

0.033 Ω

70% Compensation

40.2 Ω

0.005 Ω

40.2 Ω

0.027 Ω

40.1 Ω

0.048 Ω

40.2 Ω

0.091 Ω